DATABASE OF LANDSLIDES TRIGGERED BY 2015 GORKHA(NEPAL) M_W7.8 EARTHQUAKE     

XU Chong  TIAN Ying-ying  SHEN Ling-ling  MA Si-yuan  XU Xi-wei  ZHOU Ben-gang  HUANG Xue-qiang  MA Jun-xue  CHEN Xi 《地震地质》2018,40(5):1115-1128

In this study, a detailed database of landslides triggered by the 25 April 2015 Gorkha (Nepal)M_W7.8 earthquake is constructed based on visual interpretation of pre- and post-earthquake high-resolution satellite images and field reconnaissance. Results show the earthquake triggered at least 47 200 landslides, which have a NWW direction spatial distribution, similar with the location and strike of the seismogenic fault. The landslides are of a total area about 110km² and an oval distribution area about 35 700km². On the basis of a scale relationship between landslide area (A)and volume (V), V=1.314 7×A^{1.208 5}, the total volume of the coseismic landslides is estimated to be about 9.64×10⁸m³. In the oval landslide distribution area, the landslide number density, area density, and volume density were calculated and the results are 1.32km^-2, 0.31%, and 0.027m, respectively. This study provides a detailed and objective inventory of landslides triggered by the Gorkha earthquake, which provides very important and essential basic data for study of mechanics of coseismic landslides, spatial pattern, distribution law, and hazard assessment. In addition, the landslide database related to an individual earthquake also provides an important earthquake case in a subduction zone for studying landslides related to multiple earthquakes from a global perspective.  相似文献   

Study on the Moment Magnitude of Small and Moderate Earthquakes Located in the Inner Mongolia Region     

Liu Fang  Zhang Fan  Li Bin  Na Re 《中国地震研究》2018,32(1):53-63

Based on digital seismic waveform data from Inner Mongolia Digital Seismic Network, the source spectrum parameters of 182 small and moderate earthquakes from January, 2009 to September, 2016 are derived, and the seismic moment M₀ and moment magnitude M_W of the earthquakes are calculated. The M_L-M_W relationship and the relationship between stress drop and magnitude are obtained using the linear regression method. It is clear that incorporating the moment magnitude into the seismic quick report catalog and the official earthquake catalog can enrich earthquake observation report content, thus providing better service for earthquake emergency and earthquake scientific research.  相似文献   

SIMULATION STUDY OF ROAD-CUT EFFECTS ON SLOPE STABILITY     

CHEN Xiao-li  WANG Ming-ming  ZHANG Ling 《地震地质》2018,40(6):1390-1401

Landslides and rock falls along the highway are common geological hazards in Southwest China. As an influencing factor on potential landslides behavior, roads or distance to roads have been successfully used in landslide susceptibility assessments in mountainous area. However, the relationship between the road-cut and the slope stability is not clear. Therefore, we performed two-dimensional slope stability calculation using the general limit equilibrium (GLE)method incorporated in the software SLOPE/W of GeoStudio for stability analysis of slopes. Our studies show that the man-made roads influence on the slope stability mainly exists in two ways:One is to create a new steep slope, which will result in rock falls and shallow landslides along the roads; the other is to influence the stability of the original slope, which will result in comparatively huge landslides. For the latter, our simulation study reveals that the road location, namely at which part of a natural slope to construct a road is important for the slope stability. For a natural slope with a potential slip surface, if a road is constructed at or near the slope toe where the potential slip surface surpasses, it will greatly degrade the slope's factor of safety (Fs) and make the slope unstable; however, if a rode-cut is near the top of the slope, it will increase the slope's Fs and make the slope more stable. The safety location is different for different slope angle, steeper slope needs a higher location for a safety road-cut in comparison with gentle slopes. Moreover, the slope stability decreases when loading a seismic force and it varies with the slope angle. Firstly, the Fs decreases when the slope angle increasing, and when the slope angle reaches 45°, the Fs then becomes greater with the slope angle increasing.  相似文献   

Precise Location of Earthquakes at the Eastern Boundaries of the Sichuan-Yunnan Rhombic Block     

Fu Ying  Hu Bin  Long Feng  Wang Shiyuan 《中国地震研究》2018,32(4):470-481

Based on the seismic station data sets from Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, we employed a multi-step seismic location method (Hypo2000 + Velest + HypoDD) to precisely locate the 7,787 earthquakes that occurred during 2010-2015 along the eastern boundaries of the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block, namely from southern Dawu to the Qiaojia segment. The final results show that location precision is greatly advanced and epicenter distribution exhibits good consistency with the linear distribution of the seismic faults. Earthquake distribution is quite intensive at the intersection region in the southern segment of the Xianshuihe fault, the Anninghe fault zone, the Xiaojinhe fault zone and the Daliangshan fault zone to the east. The depth profile of seismicity shows a clear stepwise activity along the active seismic fault zones. The profile crossing the faults of the Xianshuihe, Anninghe, and Daliangshan presents a complex interaction among faults near the multiple faults intersection region, Shimian, where the earthquakes are obviously divided into two groups in depth. Earthquakes are very rare at the depth of 15km-20km, which is consistent with the region of the plastic rheology between 14km-19km calculated by Zhu Ailan et al.,(2005).  相似文献   

2017年四川九寨沟7.0级地震前地震应变场分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

罗国富  刘忠旺  丁凤和  马禾青  杨明芝 《地震工程学报》2018,40(6):1322-1330

以地震应变场作为地震活动的变量，通过自然正交函数展开方法，计算2017年8月8日四川九寨沟7.0级地震前的地震应变场，提取出震前时间因子的异常变化。计算结果发现应变场前4个时间因子在震前1~3年的中短期异常并不显著，只有第2个和第4个时间因子震前有小幅度的异常变化，分析其原因，时间因子可能受到2008年汶川8.0级地震和2013年岷县漳县6.6级地震前大幅度异常的影响。与时间因子对应的空间等值线形成局部应变高值异常危险区，可能是2013年岷县漳县6.6级地震和2017年九寨沟7.0级地震空间异常的中短期特征。再对比九寨沟7.0级地震前后与松潘-平武7.2级双震的空间异常随时间演变，分析异常发展变化模式的差异，最后应用地震资料的累积频次从物理角度解释异常形成的机制。  相似文献   

北黄海海底麻坑群形态的定量研究及控制因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘晓瑜  冯秀丽  陈义兰  唐秋华  刘乐军  路波  焦鹏飞 《海洋学报》2018,40(3):36-49

本文基于高分辨率多波束水深数据和反向散射强度数据，对北黄海海底麻坑群的形态参数进行定量研究，结合水深、地形坡度和后向散射强度的变化准确界定了麻坑的轮廓，识别出圆形、椭圆形、拉长型麻坑共282个，并在ArcGIS软件中对其形态参数进行了分析计算，麻坑的平均长轴1.36 km，短轴0.78 km，直径0.94 km，面积0.88 km2，平均周长3.82 km，长宽比1.83，深度0.3~2.5 m，平均面积密集度13%，麻坑的剖面形态有麻坑边缘凹陷、中部有明显凸起（W1型），麻坑边缘凹陷、中部略凸起（W2型），麻坑中部单纯凹陷（V型），分别集中分布在麻坑群的北部、南部、西部。麻坑的平面规模大、深度小的原因与地层中形成麻坑的游离气体浓度较小有关，也可能受到了地震、海啸等外力的诱发。麻坑的长轴优势走向为ENE-WSW、NNE-SSW，底流对其形状的塑造起了较大作用，部分麻坑成串排列，形成串珠状的麻坑链，其排列方式受到海底古河道、古潟湖等沉积地层结构的控制。海底麻坑群发育区反向散射强度为-60~-71 dB，麻坑内部较麻坑外部平均高5 dB，可能为麻坑内部气体泄漏引起海底沉积物被剥蚀后残留下的粗颗粒物质或海底生物活动留下的遗迹导致的。  相似文献   

潮流界以下河段航道整治水位确定方法研究——以长江江阴以下河段为例     

徐元  贾雨少 《海洋工程》2018,36(2):64-72

在总结分析现有整治水位确定方法的基础上,根据潮流界以下河段的水沙运动特性,本文提出一种基于输沙能力的航道整治水位确定方法。考虑上游来水、下游潮汐为独立事件,统计潮流界以下河段上游来水、下游潮汐不同等级组合出现的频率,采用数学模型计算相应组合下河段沿程的潮位、流速过程,以流速四次方代表水流的输沙能力,统计不同潮位等级对应的综合净输沙能力,确定最大综合净输沙能力对应的水位为(最优)航道整治水位。以长江下游白茆沙水道和福姜沙水道为例,计算了所在河段的航道整治水位,并探讨了起动流速对整治水位计算的影响和最高整治水位概念对工程的意义。  相似文献   

高精度直升机机载LiDAR在高速公路改扩建勘测中的应用可行性研究          下载免费PDF全文

郑伟安 《山东国土资源》2018,34(8)

机载LiDAR在公路勘测方面的用途日益广泛。该文对直升机机载LiDAR在高速公路改扩建中的应用技术路线可行性进行了研究论证,从地面控制测量、点云数据获取、点云数据处理、成果应用等多个方面进行了阐述,通过分析LiDAR点云数据在5种不同地面控制点布设方案校正下的点云数据精度,论证了利用地面控制点对直升机机载LiDAR点云数据进行平面和高程校正的可行性。  相似文献   

GPS约束下陇西地区断裂带现今滑动速率的非连续接触模拟研究     

孟庆筱  景鹏旭  何申海  党学会 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(12):1227-1231

以中国地壳运动观测网络1999、2001、2004和2007年4期GPS观测数据为边界条件，使用非连续接触有限元技术构建陇西块体二维有限元模型，在摩擦系数不确定性分析基础上，计算区内主要断裂带滑动速率。结果表明，现今地壳形变运动状态下陇西块体的北东向运动在海原断裂附近受到鄂尔多斯块体、阿拉善块体阻碍，陇西块体周缘的海原断裂带、老虎山断裂、西秦岭北缘断裂呈现左旋走滑特征，滑动速率为3.5 mm/a、2.2 mm/a和1.9 mm/a，说明在青藏高原推挤作用下以上关键部位正在进行快速的构造应变积累。  相似文献   

滇西北地区近年来应力场的数值模拟研究     

武永彩  李昂  唐红涛 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(12):1238-1240

建立滇西北地区三维有限元地质模型，将2009~2016年GPS速度场数据作为数值模拟的位移边界条件，模拟获取该地区的构造应力场。结果表明，在楚雄至滇西北地区整体显示张性应力区；出现由“洱源鹤庆断裂-红河断裂-程海断裂”圈起的低值张性区，区域内部张性应力明显低于外部，这种张应力低值区尤其在区域四周断裂边界处，往往是地壳断裂活动的频发区；曲江断裂北端及元谋-绿汁江断裂南端出现张性应力集中区，是今后重点关注的断裂结点。  相似文献